What are the adverse reactions of the effective method of removing melasma that do not affect the treatment effect?

Many people want to know about the methods of removing chloasma, because the incidence of chloasma in life is relatively high, and chloasma also brings certain troubles to everyone. Therefore, everyone is more concerned about the effective methods of removing chloasma. So what are the effective methods of removing chloasma?

What are the effective methods to remove melasma?

Hydroquinone: It has a similar structure to tyrosine, the substrate of tyrosinase, and can competitively inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, affecting the formation of melanin. The mechanism of action of hydroquinone also includes inhibiting DNA and RNA complexes, eroding melanosomes and destroying melanocytes, thereby promoting the decomposition of melanosomes. The therapeutic effect of hydroquinone is related to its concentration, matrix and chemical stability of the product. The higher the concentration, the better the therapeutic effect and the greater the irritation. The concentration commonly used by patients with chloasma is 2% to 5%. The common method of taking hydroquinone is to apply it externally twice a day. Generally, the skin color will become lighter after 4 weeks of medication, and the best effect will be achieved after 6 to 10 weeks. The effectiveness of hydroquinone can be enhanced if used in conjunction with a broad-spectrum sunscreen during the day.

Adverse reactions do not affect the treatment effect

Azelaic acid: A natural straight-chain saturated dihydroxy acid isolated from the culture broth of Pityrosporum ovale. Azelaic acid competitively inhibits tyrosinase, directly interferes with melanin biosynthesis, and damages the ultrastructure of melanocytes, so it can successfully treat melasma. Its effect on the treatment of melasma is better than hydroquinone cream. Azelaic acid is effective for both epidermal and mixed melasma (where both the epidermis and dermis are affected), and 20% azelaic acid cream is commonly used for topical application. Azelaic acid has few side effects and can be tolerated by people at a concentration of 15% to 20%. Allergic reactions and phototoxic reactions rarely occur. Adverse reactions include itching, mild temporary erythema, scaling, and burning sensation. These adverse reaction symptoms usually disappear within 2 to 4 weeks without causing systemic damage.

Retinoic acid: Retinoic acid can reduce pigmentation spots caused by photoaging and inhibit the synthesis of tyrosine, thereby inhibiting the production of melanin. In clinical practice, 0.1% retinoic acid cream is often used for external application. Patients with chloasma should apply it twice a day. The effect lasts for about 24 weeks. Side effects include erythema and desquamation, and some people develop contact dermatitis. However, this adverse reaction does not affect the treatment effect and gradually disappears during continued treatment.

I believe that through the introduction of the article, everyone should have a better understanding of the effective methods of removing chloasma. I hope it can bring more help to more female friends in removal. Everyone must also learn more about the relevant common sense of chloasma and the correct removal in daily life.